Avaliação citológica, histológica e hormonal de cadelas normais e com complexo hiperplasia endometrial cística/piometra.

Hormonal state and effects of the use of an antiprogestin in bitches with pyometra.

The pathogenic significance of progesterone in pyometra in bitches was investigated by evaluating the stages of the oestrous cycles of 369 bitches with pyometra. Concentrations of progesterone and oestradiol were determined in 100 bitches with pyometra before ovariohysterectomy. Six bitches with pyometra with progesterone > 5 ng ml-1 and oestradiol < 25 pg ml-1 were treated with the antigestagen RU 46534 (6 mg kg-1, s.c.) twice on day 1 and once on days 2, 3 and 4; ovariohysterectomy was performed on day 6. Six control bitches that met the same criteria were ovariohysterectomized and uterine morphology was compared with that of the treated bitches. The effects of treatment were monitored by hormone, ultrasonographic imaging and histomorphological studies. The results confirm that pyometra may occur at any stage of the reproductive cycle and that most animals are in the phase of dioestrus. Uterine mass (g kg-1 bodymass) with versus without content was not different in treated bitches and was significantly lower (P < 0.01) than in the control bitches. In all six dogs general clinical conditions improved during the observation period; 23.5 +/- 11.1 h after the start of antiprogestin treatment a profuse, purulent vulval discharge was observed. The effusion was nearly complete at day 6. The maximal detectable uterine lumen varied between 23 and 39 mm in diameter, it was no longer detectable on day 6. Oestradiol concentrations remained constant while progesterone decreased with distinct individual variations. Morphometrical examination of the endometrium revealed no differences between groups. The data suggest that antigestagen treatment is a promising approach for treatment of pyometra in bitches.

Cystic endometrial hyperplasia complex

The cystic endometrial hyperplasia complex is an alteration of the uterus of bitches and queens. It is directly related to the repeated exposition or drawn out of hormones estrogen and progesterone. It is characterized by an exaggerated response along the production and release of the secretion of the endometrial glands and dependent on the degree of hydratation and present protein in this secretion, the alteration could be considered hydrometra or mucometra. Pyometra is considered when due to individual factors or because of virulence and proliferation of invading bacteria in the fluid causing other secondary signs and symptoms that can provoke death of the patient.

Alterações Morfológicas no Ovário e Corno Uterino da Cadela. III. Complexo Hiperplasia Endometrial Cístico-Piometrítico.

Descreve-se a ocorrência do complexo hiperplasia endometrial cistico-piometrítico em cadelas oriundas das regiões metropolitanas do Rio de Janeiro e Belo Horizonte. No total de 200 animais, 27 (13,5%) estavam afetados da enfermidade, com maior concentração de casos na faixa etária dos cinco aos 10 anos e nos tipos II, III e IV da classificação de Dow. Houve nítida tendência de associação do complexo com a presença de corpos lúteos ativos.

Complexo hiperplasia endometrial cística/piometra em cadelas: fisiopatogenia, características clínicas, laboratoriais e abordagem terapêutica.

Na prática da clínica de pequenos animais, os médicos veterinários são freqüentemente confrontados com o quadro ou com o diagnóstico diferencial da piometra em cadelas, e devem decidir rapidamente sobre a melhor forma de tratamento, pois se trata de uma situação de risco para a vida da paciente. Esta revisão tem como objetivo a descrição dos conceitos práticos e atuais da etiopatogenia da hiperplasia endometrial cística em cadelas, a qual precede o desenvolvimento do quadro de piometra. Abordam-se tanto a classificação quanto os sintomas, os achados clínicos, bem como aspectos diagnósticos dessa síndrome. Com relação ao tratamento, são consideradas tanto a abordagem cirúrgica quanto a edicamentosa, bem como as vantagens e desvantagens de cada opção.